Mastering Japanese Demonstratives: Pointing Things Out Like a Pro

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Mastering Japanese Demonstratives: Pointing Things Out Like a Pro
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Feeling a little lost when trying to pinpoint objects or locations in Japanese? Don’t worry, you’re not alone! Mastering terms like ‘this,’ ‘that,’ and ‘the other’ in Japanese, known as 指し示す言葉 (sashishimesu kotoba) or demonstratives, is a crucial step in sounding more natural and confident. It can seem a bit complex at first with different words depending on distance, but once you get the hang of it, you’ll be able to navigate conversations and daily situations with much greater ease. Let’s break down how to effectively use these essential words to clearly express yourself.

【Listening Player5000】Mastering Japanese Demonstratives: Pointing Things Out Like a Pro

Select 『Demonstratives』 from the [Select Genre] dropdown.

ジャンル

1

Foreign Phrase

Translation

Word Explanations(単語の解説)


How to Use & Notes『使い方と注意事項』

『学びたい言語を選んでプレイヤー画面または再生ボタン「►」(またはプレイヤー画面の真ん中)を押すだけでOK!ジャンルを選んで一発頭出ししたり、ナンバー入力で好きなフレーズに直行もできます。リピート回数(1〜5回)もお好みでどうぞ!』

Just select your language and hit play "►"! You can also jump right into categories using "Select Genre" or enter a phrase number to play it directly. Don't forget to set your preferred repeat count (1–5)!

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Phrase No.: Enter a number in "Enter Phrase Number" to play a specific phrase.

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【Audio List】Mastering Japanese Demonstratives: Pointing Things Out Like a Pro



【697】これ(これ・KORE)・・・これは私のペンです。(これはわたしのぺんです。)
This・・・・This is my pen.
Explanation⇒⇒この単語は話者に近い特定の人物や物を指す(It refers to a specific person or thing near the speaker)



【698】それ(それ・SORE)・・・それは何の本ですか?(それはなんのほんですか?)
That,It・・・・What book is that?
Explanation⇒⇒話者から離れた場所にある特定の人や物を指し示すために使われる(Used to identify a specific person or thing at a distance from the speaker)



【699】あれ(あれ・ARE)・・・あれを見てください。(あれをみてください。)
That over there,That ・・・・Please look at that over there.
Explanation⇒⇒話し手と聞き手の両方から遠くにある人や物を指すために使われる(It is used to refer to a person or thing that is distant from both the speaker and the listener)



【700】どれ(どれ・DORE)・・・あなたの鞄はどれですか?(あなたのかばんはどれですか?)
Which one・・・・Which one is your bag?
Explanation⇒⇒この単語は、誰かに限られた数の選択肢の中から一つのものを選んでもらうために使われる(This word is used to ask someone to choose one thing from a limited number of options)



【701】ここ(ここ・KOKO)・・・ここに座ってください。(ここにすわってください。)
Here・・・・Please sit here.
Explanation⇒⇒この場所や位置に、で、または、向かって(In,at,or to this place or position)



【702】そこ(そこ・SOKO)・・・そこに置いてください。(そこにおいてください。)
There・・・・Please put it there.
Explanation⇒⇒その場所または位置の中に、 その場所または位置に、 あるいはその場所または位置へ(In, at, or to that place or position)



【703】あそこ(あそこ・ASOKO)・・・あそこにトイレがあります。(あそこにといれがあります。)
Over there・・・・The restroom is over there.
Explanation⇒⇒話者と聞き手の両方から遠く離れたその場所へ、その場所で、またはその場所に(In,at,or to that place distant from both the speaker and the listener)



【704】どこ(どこ・DOKO)・・・出口はどこですか?(でぐちはどこですか?)
Where・・・・Where is the exit?
Explanation⇒⇒どの場所へ、どの場所に≪中で≫、またはどの場所に≪点で≫(To what place, in what place, or at what place)



【705】こちら(こちら・KOCHIRA)・・・こちらへどうぞ。(こちらへどうぞ。)
This way・・・・This way,please.
Explanation⇒⇒この方向を示す場合、あるいはこの人やこの場所を丁寧に指し示す場合に使われる(Used to indicate this direction,or to refer to this person or place politely)



【706】そちら(そちら・SOCHIRA)・・・そちらはどうですか?(そちらはどうですか?)
On your end,Over there・・・・How are things on your end?
Explanation⇒⇒この言葉は、聞き手の近くにある方向、人、場所などを丁寧に指す言葉である(This word refers to that direction or that person or place near the listener in a polite manner)



【707】あちら(あちら・ACHIRA)・・・あちらが受付です。(あちらがうけつけです。)
That way, Over there・・・・That way over there is the reception.
Explanation⇒⇒それは話し手と聞き手の両方から遠く離れた方向を指し、丁寧な言い方で使われる(It refers to a direction that is far from both the speaker and the listener, and it is used in a polite way)



【708】どちら(どちら・DOCHIRA)・・・どちらから来ましたか?(どちらからきましたか?)
Which way・・・・Which way did you come from?
Explanation⇒⇒方向を尋ねる時、または二つのものの中から一つを選ぶよう尋ねる時に使う言葉(Used to ask about a direction, or to ask someone to choose between two things)



【709】こう(こう・KOU)・・・こうやって書きます。(こうやってかきます。)
Like this・・・・You write it like this.
Explanation⇒⇒このように(In this way)



【710】そう(そう・SOU)・・・私もそうしたいです。(わたしもそうしたいです。)
So・・・・I’d like to do so,too.
Explanation⇒⇒そのように、またはその方法で(In that manner, or way)



【711】ああ(ああ・AA)・・・ああなると大変です。(ああなるとたいへんです。)
In that way over there,Like that・・・・It will be difficult if it becomes in that way over there.
Explanation⇒⇒そのようにあるいはその通りに、など以前に述べられた特定のやり方や状態を指す(in that way or like that, referring to a specific manner or state mentioned before)



【712】どう(どう・DOU)・・・使い方はどうですか?(つかいかたはどうですか?)
How・・・・How is the way to use it?
Explanation⇒⇒どのような方法で(In what way or manner)



【713】この(この・KONO)・・・この商品はいくらですか?(このしょうひんはいくらですか?)
This・・・・How much is this item?
Explanation⇒⇒話し手の近くにある特定の物または人物を指す(Refers to a specific thing or person near the speaker)



【714】その(その・SONO)・・・その時計、いいですね。(そのとけい、いいですね。)
That・・・・That watch is nice.
Explanation⇒⇒この言葉は、聞き手にとって身近な特定の物や人物を指す(This word refers to a specific thing or person close to the listener)



【715】あの(あの・ANO)・・・あの店に入りましょう。(あのみせにはいりましょう。)
That over there・・・・Let’s enter that store over there.
Explanation⇒⇒話し手と聞き手の両方から遠く離れた特定の物や人物を指す場合に用いられる(Used to refer to a specific thing or person far from both speaker and listener)



【716】どの(どの・DONO)・・・どの映画を見ますか?(どのえいがをみますか?)
Which・・・・Which movie will you watch?
Explanation⇒⇒この単語は、複数の項目の中から1つを選ぶように誰かに頼むときに使われる(This word is used to ask someone to choose one item from a group of several items)

Summary

In Japanese, demonstratives follow a neat system often referred to as the ‘ko-so-a-do’ series, which categorizes words based on the speaker’s and listener’s proximity to the item or location being discussed. ‘Ko’ words refer to things near the speaker, ‘so’ words refer to things near the listener (or already mentioned), ‘a’ words refer to things far from both the speaker and the listener, and ‘do’ words are used for questions asking ‘which one.’ Understanding this system is key to using demonstratives effectively.

For instance, when you want to ask about something right in front of you, you’d use a ‘ko’ word. A very common and practical phrase you’ll use daily is これは何ですか? (Kore wa nan desu ka?). This translates to “What is this?” and is perfect for inquiring about an object close to you. If you’re talking about something near the person you’re speaking with, you’d switch to a ‘so’ word. Imagine you’re in a store and you want to ask for a specific pen that the clerk is holding; you might say そのペンをください。 (Sono pen o kudasai.). This means “Please give me that pen,” indicating the pen is closer to the listener.

Finally, when pointing out something distant from both of you, you’d use an ‘a’ word. If you’re suggesting a place far away to go to, you could say あそこに行きましょう。 (Asoko ni ikimashou.). This translates to “Let’s go over there.” By consciously applying the ko-so-a-do rule, you’ll find yourself expressing proximity much more accurately and naturally.